- cow (n.)
[cow 词源字典] - Old English cu "cow," from Proto-Germanic *kwon (cognates: Old Frisian ku, Middle Dutch coe, Dutch koe, Old High German kuo, German Kuh, Old Norse kyr, Danish, Swedish ko), earlier *kwom, from PIE *gwou- "cow, ox, bull" (cognates Sanskrit gaus, Greek bous, Latin bov-, Old Irish bo, Latvian guovs, Armenian gaus "cow," Slovak hovado "ox"), perhaps ultimately imitative of lowing (compare Sumerian gu, Chinese ngu, ngo "ox"). In Germanic and Celtic, of females only; in most other languages, of either gender. Other "cow" words sometimes are from roots meaning "horn, horned," such as Lithuanian karve, Old Church Slavonic krava. Compare kine.[cow etymology, cow origin, 英语词源]
- Bovril
- "A concentrated essence of beef diluted with hot water to make a drink", Late 19th century: from Latin bos, bov- 'ox', the second element perhaps from vril, an imaginary form of energy described in E. Bulwer-Lytton's novel The Coming Race (1871).
