1. Reservoirs of this hot rock collect in the base of the mantle.
这些热岩石的储层聚集在地幔的底部。
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2. If it is true, the mantle rocks of the Moon and the Earth should be the same geochemically.
如果这是真的，月球和地球的地幔岩石从地球化学上来看应该是相同的。
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3. More and more of this plate, the ocean floor, would go down under the continent into the mantle.
越来越多的这种板块，即海床，将在大陆下方进入地幔。
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4. As we've discussed, Earth's crust is made up of large plates that rest on a mantle of molten rock.
正如我们讨论过的，地壳由位于熔融岩石的地幔上的大型板块构成。
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5. Moreover, the Moon's composition, though similar to that of Earth's mantle, is not a precise match.
此外，月球的成分虽然与地球的地幔相似，但并不完全吻合。
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6. Much more than the crust, the mantle contains information about a planet's or moon's total composition.
地幔包含的远远不仅是地壳，还有关于行星或卫星的总体构成的信息。
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7. The Moon's mean density is much lower than that of Earth but is about the same as that of Earth's mantle.
月球的平均密度比地球低得多，但与地球的地幔密度大致相同。
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8. As the ocean floor plate begins to sink down into the mantle, it would drag or pull the entire plate along with it.
当海洋底部开始下沉到地幔中，它会同时将整个海底板块拖拽下去。
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9. Since the early twentieth century, geophysicists have understood that the mantle churns and roils like a thick soup.
自二十世纪初以来，地球物理学家已经了解到地幔像浓汤一样搅动和翻滚。
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10. The implication is that the gases in the mantle came not from the sun but from the early accretion of rocky material.
这意味着地幔中的气体不是来自太阳，而是来自岩石物质的早期积累。
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11. In this case, we especially want to know if any of the mantle, the layer beneath the crust, was exposed by the impact.
这种情况下，我们特别想知道存在于地壳下层的地幔，是否会因为撞击而暴露出来。
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12. Not everyone agrees, but some experts are convinced that whatever created the SPA Basin did penetrate the Moon's mantle.
并不是每个人都同意这个观点，但一些专家相信，无论塑造SPA盆地的是什么，它确实穿透了月球的地幔。
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13. Because of its proximity to Earth's core, the rock at the base of the mantle is much hotter than rock in the upper mantle.
由于靠近地核，地幔底部的岩石比上地幔岩石的温度高得多。
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14. All are slowly moving because the plates float on a denser sem-iliquid mantle, the layer between the crust and Earth's core.
所有板块都在缓慢移动，因为它们漂浮在密度更大的半流体地幔上，也就是地壳和地核之间的那一层。
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15. All are slowly moving because the plates float on a denser semi-liquid mantle, the layer between the crust and Earth's core.
所有板块都在缓慢移动，因为它们漂浮在密度更大的半液态地幔上，也就是地壳和地核之间的那一层。
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16. The oceanic plate is made of denser and heavier rock, so it begins to sink down under the continental plate and into the mantle.
海洋板块是由密度更大、更重的岩石构成的，所以它开始下沉到大陆板块之下，到地幔之中。
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17. Another possibility is that the sinking plate cools the neighboring mantle and produces convection currents that move the plates.
另一种可能是下沉的板块冷却了邻近的地幔，并产生对流，使板块移动。
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18. The descending rock is substantially cooler than the surrounding mantle and hence is less ductile and much more liable to fracture.
下降的岩石比周围的地幔的温度低很多，因此延展性较小，更容易断裂。
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19. The "mantle plume" thus formed, once established, continues to channel hot material from the mantle base until the reservoir is emptied.
这样形成的“地幔柱”一旦形成，就会继续从地幔底部引导热物质，直到储层被排空。
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20. It seems possible that a sinking current of cooled mantle material on the upper side of the plate might be the cause of such deep basins.
看来，板块上侧冷却的地幔物质的下沉流可能是造成这种深盆地的原因。
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21. In a titanic collision model, the bulk of the Moon would have formed from a combination of material from the impactor and Earth's mantle.
在泰坦尼克碰撞模型中，月球的大部分是由来自撞击者和地幔的物质结合形成的。
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22. Plate movements are the surface expressions of motions in the mantle—the thick shell of rock that lies between Earth's crust and its metallic core.
板块运动是地幔运动的表面现象。地幔是位于地壳和金属内核之间的一层厚厚的岩石壳。
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23. An alternative theory is that the sinking part of the plate, which is denser than the hotter surrounding mantle, pulls the rest of the plate after it.
另一种理论是，板块下沉部分的密度大于周围较热的地幔，将板块的其余部分拉在后面。
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24. Although the hot rock of the mantle is a solid, under the tremendous pressure of the crust and overlying rock of the mantle, it flows like a viscous liquid.
虽然地幔的热岩石是固体，但在地壳和地幔上覆岩石的巨大压力下，它像粘性液体一样流动。
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25. Most volcanoes that occur in the interiors of plates are believed to be produced by mantle plumes, columns of molten rock that rise from deep within the mantle.
人们认为，大多数发生在板块内部的火山爆发都是由地幔柱造成的，地幔柱是指从地幔深处涌出的熔岩柱体。
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26. The formation of Earth's crust protected the inner layers of Earth from the high-energy particles in space, reducing the temperatures of the mantle and the core.
地壳的形成保护了地球的内层不受太空中高能粒子的影响，降低了地幔和地核的温度。
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27. The plumes apparently originate at great depths, perhaps as deep as the boundary between the core and the mantle, and many have been active for a very long time.
这些地幔柱显然起源于很深的地方，可能深至地核和地幔之间的边界，而且许多都已经活跃了很长时间。
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28. By compiling a map of seismic velocities from thousands of earthquakes across the globe, they can also begin to map temperatures and densities throughout the mantle.
通过编制全球数千次地震的地震速度图，他们还可以开始绘制地幔的温度和密度图。
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29. The explanation may be in Earth's mantle, the layer of rock underlying the tectonic plates and extending down over 1,800 miles to the outer edge of Earth's iron core.
解释可能是在地球的地幔中，这是在构造板块下面的岩石层，向下延伸超过1800英里到地球铁芯的外边缘。
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30. The explanation may be in Earth's mantle, the layer of rock underlying the tectonic plates and extending down over 1,800 miles to the outer edge of Earth's iron core.
